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Keith Nicholls is a research scientist at the British Antarctic Survey. He specializes in polar physical oceanography, and has focused his research especially on the Weddell, Bellingshausen, and Amundsen Seas. He has also has contributed to the development of the ApRES (Autonomous phase-sensitive Radio Echo Sounder) instrument.

As a lead Principal Investigator on the MELT project, Nicholls and his team will use a variety of techniques to monitor the ice above and below the grounding line, which is the point where a glacier floats on the ocean, on the Thwaites Glacier.

Poul Christofferson is a glaciologist at the University of Cambridge. His research focuses on ice sheet dynamics, specifically ice sheet interactions with the atmosphere and oceans. His research spans scales, from whole glaciers and ice sheets to micro-scale studies of processes observable in a borehole. Part of his research group develops observational understanding of Earth's glaciated environment using autonomous drones and radar systems, seismology, and records from boreholes drilled to the base of fast-flowing glaciers. Another part of his research group integrates those observations as constraints for numerical models, thereby improving the models.

Christofferson is a lead principal investigator on the TIME project. He and his team will use a variety of techniques, such as radar and seismic analysis, to understand the margins of the Thwaites Glacier, investigating what controls its width and speed.

Slawek Tulaczyk is a Professor of Earth Science at the University of California Santa Cruz. He focuses his research on ice sheets and glaciers as dynamic features interacting with geologic, hydrologic, and climatic processes on different timescales. To understand Thwaites Glacier's potential future contribution to sea level rise, he investigates the physical controls on ice flow velocity and constructs quantitative models of ice flow dynamics, including underlying geology. Tulaczyk explores geologic controls on glacier movement through sedimentological and geochemical analysis of subglacial sediment samples from West Antarctica. He uses multiple data sources—remote sensing, borehole experiments, subglacial sediment samples—to constrain the physics of the subglacial environment and its role in controlling ice flow velocities.

Tulaczyk is a lead principal investigator on the TIME project. He and his team will use a variety of techniques, such as radar and seismic analysis, to understand the margins of the Thwaites Glacier, investigating what controls its width and speed.

GHOST is an ice- and modeling-based project that will examine the bed and interior of Thwaites Glacier. The rheology and topography of the bed affect how quickly Thwaites retreats and contributes to sea-level rise: it could rapidly collapse, or retreat might slow or pause on a subglacial ridge (GHOST Ridge) 70 kilometers inland of the current grounding line. This study will also investigate whether the region of fast-flowing ice could expand into currently slow-flowing regions.


Sridhar Anandakrishnan is a professor in the Department of Geosciences at Penn State University. His research interests include reflection seismology, glaciology, and geophysics.

Anandakrishnan is a lead Principal Investigator on the GHOST project. He will travel to Antarctic to use seismic and radar methods on the ice to investigate and quantify the sediment, hydrology, and bedrock underlying Thwaites Glacier.

Anandakrishnan is also a co-investigator on the MELT project.

Andy Smith is head of the Ice Sheet Stability Programme at the British Antarctic Survey. His main research interests are in ice sheets and glaciers, and their role in the Earth system. He is particularly interested in fast glacier flow and subglacial conditions, as well as ice mass balance and ice sheet history.

Smith is a lead Principal Investigator on the GHOST project. He will travel to Antarctic to use seismic and radar methods on the ice to investigate and quantify the sediment, hydrology, and bedrock underlying Thwaites Glacier.

Andy retired from BAS in March 2023 and Alex Brisbourne has taken on the PI role for the UK side of GHOST. 

The annual ITGC meeting will be held in Queen’s College, Oxford, on the 18th and 19th September. It will follow the 33rd Forum for Research into Ice Shelf Processes (FRISP) which will be held from 15-18 September. Six people from each project will have their travel costs paid for by the SCO.